diff --git a/startup.4th b/startup.4th
index 3b6e438..b4eb7e1 100644
--- a/startup.4th
+++ b/startup.4th
@@ -973,15 +973,20 @@ CREATE PNO-BUFFER PNO-BUFFER-BYTES ALLOT
 PNO-BUFFER PNO-BUFFER-BYTES + CONSTANT PNO-BUFFER-END
 CREATE PNO-POINTER PNO-BUFFER-END ,
 
+\ Return the number of characters consumed/remaining in the PNO buffer
+: PNO-USED  ( -- u )  PNO-BUFFER-END PNO-POINTER @ - ;
+: PNO-REMAINING ( -- u )  PNO-POINTER @ PNO-BUFFER - ;
+
 \ THROW if there are less than u bytes remaining in the PNO buffer
-: PNO-CHECK  ( u -- )
-   PNO-POINTER @ PNO-BUFFER - U> IF EXCP-PNO-OVERFLOW THROW THEN ;
+: PNO-CHECK  ( u -- )  PNO-REMAINING U> IF EXCP-PNO-OVERFLOW THROW THEN ;
 
 >>FORTH
 
 : <#   PNO-BUFFER-END PNO-POINTER ! ;
 : HOLD  ( char -- )  PNO-POINTER 1 DUP PNO-CHECK OVER -! @ C! ;
 : HOLDS  ( c-addr u -- )  PNO-POINTER OVER DUP PNO-CHECK OVER -! @ SWAP CMOVE ;
+: #PAD  ( c n -- )
+   0 MAX DUP PNO-USED UMIN - DUP PNO-CHECK PNO-POINTER 2DUP -! @ SWAP ROT FILL ;
 : #>  ( xd -- c-addr u )  2DROP PNO-BUFFER-END PNO-POINTER @ TUCK - ;
 
 : SIGN  ( n -- )  0< IF [[ CHAR - ]] HOLD THEN ;
@@ -1000,13 +1005,24 @@ CREATE PNO-POINTER PNO-BUFFER-END ,
 \ Example: 12345 0 <# 3 #DFP #> ≡ "12.345"
 : #DFP  ( ud1 u -- ud2 )  BEGIN ?DUP WHILE 1- >R # R> REPEAT [[ CHAR . ]] HOLD #S ;
 
-\ Display the unsigned number at the top of the stack
-: DU.  ( ud -- "<digits>" )  <# #S #> TYPE ;
-: U.  ( u -- "<digits>" )  0 DU. ;
+>>FORTH
 
-\ Display the signed number at the top of the stack
-: D.  ( d -- "<minus?><digits>" )  DUP -ROT DABS <# #S ROT SIGN #> TYPE ;
-: .  ( n -- "<minus?><digits>" )  S>D D. ;
+\ Display the unsigned double-cell number at the top of the stack, right-aligned
+: DU.R  ( ud n -- "<digits>" )  >R <# #S BL R> #PAD #> TYPE ;
+
+\ Display the signed double-cell number at the top of the stack, right-aligned
+: D.R  ( d n -- "<minus?><digits>" )
+   >R DUP -ROT DABS <# #S ROT SIGN BL R> #PAD #> TYPE ;
+
+\ Single-cell versions of DU.R and D.R
+: U.R  ( u n -- "<digits>" )  0 SWAP DU.R ;
+: .R  ( n1 n2 -- "<minus?><digits>" )  >R S>D R> D.R ;
+
+\ Versions of DU.R, D.R, U.R, and .R without right-alignment
+: DU.  ( ud -- "<digits>" )  0 DU.R ;
+: U.  ( u -- "<digits>" )  0 0 DU.R ;
+: D.  ( d -- "<minus?><digits>" )  0 D.R ;
+: .  ( n -- "<minus?><digits>" )  S>D 0 D.R ;
 
 \ Return the number of words on the data and return stacks, respectively
 : DEPTH  ( -- n )  SP@ S0 SWAP - CELL / ;